Lung Involvement In Scleroderma (part 2 of 2)

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What Are The Types Of Lung Involvement In Scleroderma?

It is said that about 10% to 15% of all people with lung involvement in scleroderma would develop sever lung disease during the duration of their illness. There are two main manifestations of lung involvement in scleroderma, one is interstitial lung disease. This is also known as fibrosing alveolitis or pulmonary fibrosis. This occurs in about 75% of all people with scleroderma.

Another manifestation is pulmonary vascular disease, which is the lung problem that could lead to hypertension. This occurs more frequently as another pulmonary complication, but it can also be a result of pulmonary fibrosis. This could happen from 10% to about 80% of all cases of scleroderma. Other manifestations of lung involvement in scleroderma would include brochiectasis, aspiration pneumonia, neoplasm, spontaneous pneumothorax and drug-associated pneumonitis.

How Can This Be Treated Or Managed?

There has been no known cure for lung involvement in scleroderma and as well as all other cases of scleroderma, it can however still be treated with a different approach. Instead of attempting to completely remove scleroderma from a patient, the typical approach for treating lung involvement in scleroderma is to prevent further damage or to attempt to restore normal lung activity with the use of medications, therapy or surgery for some cases.

The most used drug in treating pulmonary scleroderma are corticosteroids. These are also work more effectively when taken with cyclophosphanide. However, not all cases have been effectively treated with it. If ever a patient should develop side effects or if it would lead to further complications, the patient should consider other medications such as HRCT, BAL or penicillamine.

Lung Involvement In Scleroderma (part 1 of 2)

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Background

Just as scleroderma could affect any organ by limiting its functions, the function of the lungs is also greatly interfered with if a patient would get scleroderma in his or her lungs. This is seen by numerous lung illnesses such as shortness of breath and coughing. This in turn can also cause problems with the heart such as hypertension and other heart illnesses.

Scleroderma usually begins with Raynaud’s phenomenon which happens on the skin. If the case is limited scleroderma, it would stop there however if it develops into something worse and would start affecting organs within, then that condition is known as systemic sclerosis. This is more likely to happen in women than it is on men and it usually develops somewhere between the ages of 30 and 50. Scleroderma rarely occurs in children.

How Are The Lungs Involved In Scleroderma?

Scleroderma happens when the antibodies in a person’s immune system would attack their own tissues, which is contradicting to their main purpose of protecting it. The cause of this happening is not yet known although some theories have been made. Some have said that the cause of it is genetic and that scleroderma is hereditary while others would say that scleroderma is brought about unwanted factors in the environment such as bacteria or viruses.

If scleroderma reaches the lungs, then that is the beginning of pulmonary involvement in scleroderma. The first signs that can be seen are shortness of breath and dry cough without mucus. If this worsens, this would lead to lung problems that are much worse and even hypertension. Fortunately, medications and other treatments are available for cases of pulmonary involvement in scleroderma.

Menopausal Mood Swings (part 2 of 2)

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What Causes Menopausal Mood Swings?
To control menopausal mood swings, start by making an effort to understand where it’s coming from. What you and your loved ones should know that it’s not something you caused. Mood swings are a natural result, side effect, or by-product of the menopausal changes in your body.

During menopause, your body gradually slows down and ceases its production of hormones responsible for fertilizing eggs and, of course, menstruation. As this is an entirely new incident, your body reacts adversely to it and your menopausal mood swings are the result.

Other Effects of Menopause
Mood swings are unfortunately not the only symptoms of menopause. There are a lot more and since most of them tend to be aggravating, one symptom can lead to the other and vice versa.

Insomnia
The changes in your body will make you feel strange, uncomfortable, and at times, it can even be painful. All these could make you suffer from insomnia. When you become sleep deprived, your body weakens and your stress levels increase. Mood swings could be a result of it.

Fatigue
Hormonal changes in your body can make you feel exhausted even though you haven’t done anything yet. This could have a serious impact on your lifestyle and again, you could be prone to experience mood swings because of it.

Hot Flashes
They’re called flashes because they only take place in a matter of minutes. But every moment is uncomfortable and again, experiencing it frequently could make you suffer from mood swings.

Menopausal Mood Swings (part 1 of 2)

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Menopause is a significant stage in every woman’s life. For many, it is a stage that’s feared because of the changes accompanying it. As a result, women tend to become more emotional and sensitive during this stage and occasionally, women would also end up experiencing mood swings because of their conflicting feelings about it.

Mood Swings Are To Be Expected
Nobody said menopause is going to be fun or easy. Sure, for those frequently experiencing PMS and those who’d like a surefire way to avoid pregnancy will certainly welcome this particular stage in their lives. But to gain what they want, they’d have to suffer first since menopause is almost always a painful process.

During menopause, you’ll gradually notice how your behavior and actions have changed. You lose your temper more easily and over the smallest things. The cheesiest movies make you cry and the daily frustrations in the workplace that you once had no problems tolerating have now become unbearable. One minute you’re happy, the next moment you’re sad. But don’t worry about this because it’s to be expected: what you’re experiencing is just a typical menopausal mood swing.

You’re Not the Only One Affected by Menopausal Mood Swings
As mentioned earlier on, menopausal mood swings are to be expected and they may even occur daily. Menopause is a trying time for every woman, but what you shouldn’t forget is that other people will be affected by it, too.

Your loved ones, the people living around you, and the people you work with can all be unknowing and innocent victims of your menopausal mood swings. Definitely, your words and actions may be unintentionally harsh, but you can’t be excused at all times. People’s sympathies aren’t endless.

Knowing this, you should now understand that it’s also imperative you do what you can to lessen your menopausal mood swings.

Merchant Account Vocabulary (part 2 of 2)

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Payment Gateway

A payment gateway, as what its name suggests, provides the channel in which encrypted information is exchanged between the consumer, the merchant account provider, the merchant, the acquiring bank and the issuing bank. This makes sure the information exchanged is accurate and that it will be exclusively used by the involved parties only.

Chargeback

A chargeback often results from a dispute between the customer and the merchant. This is when a transaction is returned by the costumer into the acquiring bank, and ultimately, to the merchant. A customer files a chargeback when he/she finds that the product does not meet his/her expectation, when the product was not delivered properly or was not delivered at all, or when the transaction itself is fraudulent. The merchant may avail a chargeback insurance to protect himself/herself in the event of a chargeback.

Electronic Commerce

Electronic Commerce or eCommerce basically refers to the commercial activities that are carried out through the internet.  Aside from selling, it also includes activities like inventory management, supply chain management, exchange of business information and management of online funds. Due to the increased flux of businesses taking advantage of the accessibility of the internet, there was also an increase of ecommerce merchant account providers.

Some ecommerce merchant account providers do more than managing the transactions between the consumers, the acquiring bank and the issuing bank. They also take care of the technical side of putting up the online store, like website hosting, maintenance and design.

Merchant Account Vocabulary (part 1 of 2)

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In this new age of ecommerce, more and more people, even without a formal business background, want to go into an online business. Almost all of online businesses, even the large ones, need a merchant account. Here are some of the jargons that online business owner wannabes must understand first before finally taking their baby steps in setting up their business.

Credit Card

A credit card is a small plastic card which allows a consumer to purchase a product or service through a line credit issued by a bank or a merchant account. It is activated by a Personal Identification Number (PIN) that is accessible only by the owner of the card. The card itself has an electronic system that goes into a system of payment scheme involving the merchant and the issuing bank. The size and shape of the credit card must comply with the regulations set by the ISO 7810.

Merchant Account

A merchant account is an agreement between the merchant and an acquiring bank in which the merchant could accept payments through credit cards through an extended line of credit given by the bank. The merchant account maybe provided by either a bank that is directly processes transactions with Visa and MasterCard or by an Independent Selling Organization/Member Service Provider (ISO/MSP). The costs of setting up a merchant account depend on the type of the product, expected sales and the process of how transactions are made.

3-Tier Pricing

This is the most popular pricing scheme for most merchant account providers. Depending on the situation on how was it done, the transaction will be classified into three groups: non-qualified, mid-qualified and qualified. The less qualified the transaction is, the more it will be charged. A transaction that is done according to what is set and defined by the merchant is considered to be “more” qualified.

Knitting Socks (part 2 of 2)

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Turning the heel is the next process in making the heel. During turning the heel, you have to organize the stitches on three needles according to the pattern that you are following. You can also check the equation for number of stitches for turning the heel. To make this process easier, imagine that the size of your heel has been divided into three sections.

You are keeping the center portion in one piece, taking one stitch from every side panels systematically, and knitting it jointly with the stitch on the external tail of the center panel. Thus, the sock under the heel includes dipping the outside and keeping the center unchanged.

One should remember that the socks should be fitted inside shoes. They will spend much of time chafing your foot. Therefore, while knitting socks be aware of this thing. Select the fibers cautiously. Wool is better for feet and its natural softness helps the sock hold one’s foot in a warm fit.

Fibers that have less elasticity like silk, cotton, soy may stretch out of shape after some time. Thus, knitting socks is an art and one should make sure all these things before starting the process.